Character Analysis Of Meursault In The Novel The Stranger

Albert Camus in his novel, The Stranger, shows a genuinely interesting character, Meursault. In the beginning Meursault is depicted to appear as unethical and cruel, through him not showing no grief at his mother’s funeral. However, Camus, throughout the story builds up a considerably more engaging character that portrays more human-like emotions. At the end, Meursault character changes because he leaves off with a sympathetic feel towards him and is left off with thoughtful reflections and revelations, and an interpretive ending. In part two, it is mostly about Meursault being in trial and him begin in prison which makes him self- reflect on himself, yet he can’t quite make an idea. During the trial, Meursault’s faults are exposed and†¦show more content†¦He demonstrates he does care about his life through the use of a metaphor of, â€Å"... a wave of poisoned joy rose in my throat† (110). He uses this phrase because he acknowledges that the joy of being a free man would be watching the execution, but the fact that he’s watching and not be the one being executed is where the joy comes from. It is also shown that he cares about living through his statement of â€Å" †¦ I would make up new laws. I would reform the penal code† (111). He basically wants moral collaboration and what he finds wrong is that even though he is not free, society makes the decision. He wants to know more about the law system and feels that a condemned man should have a chance. Lastly, Meursault tries to comfort himself to have some hope about the appeal. Although he assumes the worst and it leads him to saying , â€Å" But everybody, knows life isnt worth living; it doesnt much matter whether you die at thirty or seventy† (114). He says to ensure himself and rationalize that eventually he will die and it won’t matter what age. He develops a problem, that during the night he waits for dawn because he knows that when its dawn the executors always come and shares â€Å"[He] never liked being surprised† (113). He uses imagery to depict that he is calm with the scene of â€Å" [the] sounds of the countryside were drifting in†¦. the wondrous peace of the sleeping summerShow MoreRelatedTitle and Character Analysis of The Stranger by Albert Camus784 Words   |  3 PagesThe Stranger: Character and Title Analysis In Albert Camus’, The Stranger, the characters in the novel are individually unique in ways that bring out the positive and negative aspects of each other. When examining their traits you get the deeper meaning of things and what they stand for. The major characters in this novel are Meursault, Raymond Sintes, and Marie Cardona. Meursault shows no emotion through everything that goes on in his life such as a death. Raymond Sintes is a rude person and onlyRead MoreLiterary Analysis: How Meursault Is Indifferent in the Stranger, by Albert Camus874 Words   |  4 PagesLiterary analysis: How Meursault is indifferent in The Stranger, by Albert Camus Although Meursault is the title character and narrator of Albert Camus’ short novel The Stranger, he is also a somewhat flat character. His apparent indifferent demeanor may be a convenience to Camus, who mainly wanted to display his ideas of absurdism. And as a flat character, Meursault is not fully delineated: he lacks deep thought and significant change. His purpose is that of a first-person narrator whose actionsRead MoreThe Individual Versus His Environment in The Stranger and Grendel1674 Words   |  7 Pages The Individual Versus His Environment in The Stranger and Grendel Due to the multifaceted nature of literature, analysis thereof is prone to generalization. One of the most grievous generalizations oft encountered involves failing to distinguish between a character and the novel it inhabits. Take John Gardener’s Grendel and Albert Camus’s The Stranger, for instance. It’s far too easy, when analyzing for dominant ideologies, to slap them both with the label of existentialism and be done withRead MoreCrime and Punishment vs. The Stranger1438 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the novels Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky and The Stranger by Albert Camus, sun, heat, and light play a significant role in the development and understanding of the novel and the characters in it. Upon the initial reading of The Stranger, the reader may have a general acknowledgment of a relationship between the novel’s protagonist, Mersault, and the sun and heat, either proceeding or following one of the novels significant events. What is h arder to understand on the first readRead MoreEssay On The Stranger1010 Words   |  5 Pages The Stranger Essay The Stranger by Albert Camus is an analysis of the human psychosis if it was isolated and apathetic. Throughout the story, our protagonist, Meursault, tells the story of his life after his mother’s death and his experiences with everyday routines. Meursault explains to the reader only the surface of what he is feeling; despite that, as a reader, one is able to view his mind directly and closely. Meursault has all the power in this book because it is his life and mind. He is ableRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Stranger 2900 Words   |  12 Pages Curtis Poindexter Professor Slattum English M01B 11 December 2014 Literary Analysis: The Stranger The novel The Stranger is a first-person account of the life of M. Meursault from the time of his mother s death up to a time evidently just before his execution for the murder of an Arab. It was written by Albert Camus in 1942. Meursault however, is not your typical hero of a story; rather an antihero. He is neither good nor bad, and harbors no emotion. He goes through his life with a preconceivedRead MoreThe Paper of the Absurd: a Literary Analysis of the Stranger1772 Words   |  8 PagesThe Paper of the Absurd: A Literary Analysis of The Stranger By: Michael Lovett Advanced Placement English Language and Compositions 5th Period 13th of December, 2010 Michael Lovett In Albert Camus’ existential novel The Stranger, the pointlessness of life and existence is exposed and expounded upon in such a manner that the entire foundation of spirituality is shaken. The concept that drives this novel is one coined by Albert Camus himself, the â€Å"absurd†. Under the absurd, life is pointlessRead MoreThe Existential Movement Of The Stranger Essay1966 Words   |  8 Pagessociety they lived in. Therefore, this struggle to grasp the meaning of life can be seen through an existential light in many novels with authors such as Camus. In Camus’s novel The Stranger, Camus explores the existential ideas of absurdity and authenticity through the actions and ideas of the main character Meursault. Existentialism is the main theme of Camus’s novel The Stranger, which relies heavily on absurdist ideas to assess the meaning of life. However to understand Camus’s meaning of life, oneRead MoreHuman Relations in Camus Novel, The Outsider, from an Existentialist View2123 Words   |  9 PagesThe Outsider novel by Albert Camus from an existentialist view. I want to study Meursault relations who is the main character in Albert Camus’s novel The Outsider , Meursault is being executed because he kills an arab person, but the main reason is that he does not cry at his mother’ funeral and lives his life as there is nothing happened, he goes in the next day to swim and he makes love with his friend Marie and also watch a film. The philosophers and critics considers Meursault as he is authenticRead MoreIB Student Reflection 1519 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferent cultures and countries. As a student in the IB program, I’ve noticed that a lot of study is f ocused centrally on literature. Whether it’s in an English class setting or in a history class, there are multiple occasions where books, popular novels, and poetry are studied. Also, many of these can be world literature pieces or examples of literature popular in the American society. Also, many students choose to take science classes as part of the International Baccalaureate program and have the

Movie Analysis Tootsie - 1772 Words

Ayotunbosun Ogunlade Drama 3030 Tootsie Michael Dorsey is a talented young actor, arrogant, stubborn and is so hard on him self and others that he could no longer find a job in his town after twenty years. After a daytime soap opera audition goes bad, Michael takes on the role of an actress Dorothy Michaels and wins the part of the audition. What was supposed to be a short-term role with the intention to raise the money to star in his roommate’s play turns into an extended contract, but when Michael falls for his cast mate Julie, complications develop that could destroy everything. And Michael eventually realizes that he is a better person as his second character Dorothy Michaels than he was as Michael Dorsey. Michael Dorsey finds it interesting as Dorothy begins to take on an independent life of her own. She is a free woman who seems sort of strange and funny at first glance, but grows on people afterwards as she begins to inspire women with her acting by standing up for what is right. Other complications begin to arise as the men which Dorothy surrounds herself with are beginning to fall in love with her such as Julie’s father and John Van Ron who is also plays the role of doctor in the play. As Michael playing the role of Dorothy he was able to show the power of a male inside a female body, and by doing this had an impact on women who watched the show allowing them to show their inner power and courage to stand up for themselves. Although the movie seemed more like aShow MoreRelatedTootsie1603 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Tootsie† (1982) – Directed by Sydney Pollack Introduction The drama â€Å"Tootsie† is about an unemployed actor – Michael Dorsey who wants to raise fund for his friend’s drama and therefore he decides to work for money. However, as he is serious in acting, directors find him difficult to get along with; therefore, Michael can only cross-dressed to be Dorothy Michaels in order to get a job. In my opinion, the drama presents the idea of gender stereotypes, which shows the idea of biased view on differentRead MoreCompetitor Analysis: Hersheys1180 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Competitor Analysis The Hershey Company (HSY) competes in the Global Candy and Chocolate Manufacturing industry. This highly competitive and consolidated industry which continues to concentrate as a result of merger and acquisition activity is dominated by a few major players. Included amongst these major players are HSY and three notable competitors, Nestle SA, Mondelez International Inc., and Tootsie Roll Industries. Each of these competitors offers unique competitive advantages versus thatRead MoreTootsie Roll Industries, Inc.2586 Words   |  11 PagesTootsie Roll Industries, Inc. Introduction Tootsie Roll Industries is a public traded company; traded on the NYSE. It is noted as the symbol of TR. In the first quarter of 2014, the share price was $28.29 with a range of low price $27.75 and high price of $34.22 for 2013. This shows an approximate range of $6.47. For fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, dividend per share increased from $0.15 to $0.32 with 36.76 (in millions) shares unsettled. (Kesling 2013) T.R. have been involved in the productionRead MoreTootsie Roll Essay4115 Words   |  17 Pagesï » ¿Tootsie Roll, Inc. Sharon Ungar Lane, Bentley College Alan N. Hoffman, Bentley College INTRODUCTION: â€Å"Tootsie Roll’s good fortunes are an accumulation of many small decisions that were probably made right plus bigger key decisions, such as acquisitions, that have been made right, and a lot of luck.† Mel Gordon, CEO – Tootsie Roll, 1993 Tootsie Roll Industries, Inc., a niche candy maker, has often been voted one of Forbes magazine’s â€Å"200 Best Small Companies of America.† A top quality producerRead MoreAccounting 1-4 Chapter100452 Words   |  402 Pagesare probably familiar with—Tootsie Roll. Tootsie Roll’s presentation of its financial results is complete, yet also relatively easy to understand. Tootsie Roll started off humbly in 1896 in a small New York City candy shop owned by an Austrian immigrant, Leo Hirshfield. The candy’s name came from his five-year-old daughter’s nickname—â€Å"Tootsie.† Today the Chicago-based company produces more than 49 million Tootsie Rolls and 16 million Tootsie Pops each day. In fact, Tootsie Pops are at the center ofRead MoreRegal Entertainment Group: Addressing Industry Dependency and Differentiation7165 Words   |  29 Pagescompany of Regal Cinemas, which is made up of Regal Cinemas, the United Artists Theaters, and the Edwards Theater. It runs the largest theater circuit in the U.S., and uses the multiplex cinema model in metropolitan and metropolitan growth areas. The movie theater industry is highly competitive, both within the film entertainment industry (as with Netflix and pirated films) and with substitute goods, such as live performances, restaurants, and sporting events. In addition, industry competitors have anRead MoreFailures of International Mergers and Acquisitions8716 Words   |  35 PagesAcquisitions 6 Problems faced in Cross Border Mergers and Acquisitions 7 Sonys Acquisition of Columbia Pictures 8 Sony 8 Columbia Pictures 9 Analysis: Star Framework 9 Fig: Choice of Entry Mode 15 Failure of the Acquisition 15 Reasons for the Failure 16 Merger between Daimler-Benz and Chrysler Corporation 18 Daimler-Benz 18 Chrysler Corporation 18 Analysis: Star Framework 19 Reasons for the Merger 22 Failure of the Merger 23 Reasons for failure 23 Culture Clash 23 Mismanagement 25 LiteratureRead MoreBuilding a Secure Organization11016 Words   |  45 Pagesof use match the acceptable level of risk for the organization. Computers Are Powerful and Complex Home computers have become storehouses of personal materials. Our computers now contain wedding videos, scanned family photos, music libraries, movie collections, and financial and medical records. Because com 1 www.ncsl.org/programs/lis/cip/priv/breachlaws.htm (October 2, 2008). puters contain such familiar objects, we have forgotten 4 PART | I Overview of System and Network Security: A Comprehensive

Kfc Market free essay sample

As part of our exploratory research, we have conducted a great deal of secondary research, in analyzing and understanding the limited available literatures or articles related to our research topic. Literature Review International restaurants like- KFC, Pizza hut etc. are becoming more popular in Bangladesh for a many years as well as these restaurants are also famous outside the Bangladesh. But local restaurants are not popular as much as international restaurants are. We all know that, local restaurants are less expensive than the international restaurants which are operating their business in Bangladesh. Unfortunately, but the true fact is that international fast food restaurants usually comes to most of the peoples mind when they plan to visit a restaurant for fast food which is bad signal for local fast food restaurants. When we asked them why they visit international restaurant, they said that the food items of international fast food restaurants are better than local fast food items. We will write a custom essay sample on Kfc Market or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Finally, we get the result whether standard of local fast food restaurants depends mainly on food quality or not. We find that closely ninety- nine percent of respondents say that local restaurants must concentrate not only the food quality but also other different factor like service, price, location and environment of the restaurants. Significance of the research From the company’s perspective this study will help SEBL to understand its position in terms of satisfying its customers. It will help them to know which service attributes are most important for the customers. They will be able to understand in which area of services SEBL lack most and thus improve the quality of their service. They will understand which customer groups are more potential. They will also be able to know which products of SEBL are mostly preferred by the customers. This study will also help other banks and service and financial organization to understand the factors that affect the satisfaction level the customers and thus they will be able to improve their services. Hypothesis Based on our own perception and personal experience regarding this topic, we have come up with some specific hypothesis. However, later on these hypotheses may get accepted or rejected at the completion of our report. We are going to find that out based on the data that we have gathered from the field and their analysis. The hypotheses that we have come up with for this topic includes: ? Standard of local fast food restaurants depends mainly on food quality. ?Less promotional offer ends up with lack in advertisement. ?Environment influences the frequency of fast food restaurant visit. ?More branches in different location impacts the choice of fast food restaurant. ?Social image based on price of the food. Independent variables: Age, Gender, Profession, Monthly income, Environment of the bank, behavior and manners of the staffs, promptness and capability of the staffs in solving customers’ problems, knowledge of the staffs regarding various products and banking systems, waiting time for the customers to get the service, features of different offers and packages, location of the branches, number of branches, ATM card facility, service charges, interest rate of loans, interest rate of savings schemes, online banking, Credit (Visa)card service, website, advertisement, security system. All these independent variables will determine the dependent variable â€Å"customer satisfaction towards the general services of Pizza Hut†. ?Who are the main consumers of fast food restaurants at the present time? ?What is the frequency of their visit? ?What are the factors that influence them to visit particular fast food restaurant? ?In which area or areas local fast food restaurants are lagging behind the international fast food franchise? ?What the local fast food restaurants do to compete with international ones?

Why These Students Would Give Anything To Attend NYU

Everyone wants to live in New York once in their life. After all, it is the concrete jungle where dreams are made of. For some lucky individuals, they get to spend 4 years of college in the city, exploring different cultures, cuisines and endless of internship opportunities. The things New York can offer is simply something that these NYU students couldnt ignore, no matter how high the sticker price may be:Calv011Class of 2019I was obviously hyped for New York University because it has been my dream school for a while, but I had to factor in the cost of tuition. By the end of April, I was down to two colleges: City College of New York and New York University. City College was the more affordable option at the time, but they did not give me as much aid as I would have expected. Meanwhile, New York University blew me away with their financial aid package. They gave me almost a full ride, and I simply could not have refused that. This played a huge factor in determining where I would go to for college. I am glad that it just so happened to be my dream school at the New York University Polytechnic School of Engineering.Dhyun15 Class of 2019 Although I applied to NYUs Business School as an Early Decision, I had a tough time deciding among NYU, University of Michigan, and Indiana University of Bloomington. NYUs playground is New York City itself and is also one of the best schools for creating a career, but a strong school spirit would be sorely lacking. Jliguori Class of 2019 I only applied to 3 schools, and I got accepted to NYU and the University of Utah. From there, NYU was a pretty easy choice. Utah was my backup school, and I would have been happy going there but it didnt have the program that I wanted to do. NYU on the other hand, is known as one of the best schools for Film Production in the US. It also has tons of opportunities to study abroad and make global connections, as well as the fact that Ill be in New York City which is a pretty big part of the industry Im studying. oliveolivia Class of 2017 It was not a hard decision, accepting NYU, and theres several reasons why that was so. NYU had been my dream school since 8th grade, so I knew that if I got in, I would do whatever it took to attend. Another reason why I chose my school was because of the prestige. Its a top 50 university in the world, and that fares well when it comes to getting a real and good job coming out of high school. Also, the allure of living in the middle of New York city played a big role in my decision. I wanted to get out and away from my hometown and experience life - I wanted to be fearless and start the next stage of my life with a bang. The financial commitment of going to NYU, however, is a huge downfall. For $65,000 a year, you have to know that once youre there, you better stay for all four years to make that amount of money worth it. I had a lot of help from family financially, so if your financial aid package and personal financial situation doesnt make the cut for you, I highly recommend tryin g a CUNY college in the city and then transferring. There is absolutely NOTHING wrong with that and it saves you some serious money. Rachelbrownk Class of 2019 NYU has been my dream school ever since I was a little kid, even before I knew I wanted to study theatre. Theres something about it that has always clicked for me. Thats honestly how you know a school is right for you. You should feel content whenever youre there, like you do when youre at home. It should be hard to describe precisely what you like about it, because its the feeling that the school gives you that ultimately is the reason you love it. NYUs location is absolutely amazing, and that also made me love it so much more. Also, as a musical theatre major, I knew that studying at NYU would not only give me a ridiculously good theatre education, but also a phenomenal academic education. It is very easy to create a minor at NYU with your general education requirements, and thats something Im thinking about doing. NYU has so many options academically that I really wanted to make sure I had the option of having. Also, NYUs alumni connection is absolutely incredible and thats someth ing very important to me as an actor. I know that the second I graduate from NYU I will know so many more people in NYC and in the business than i did before college and I know it will be ridiculously helpful. Did that help you decide to commit to NYU? Share your with us and help others who are interested in your school better understand the application process. Plus, you get to cash out your$10 signup bonusand earn extra money for college! What are you waiting for?

Demand for Computers essays

Demand for Computers essays The Computer Market is made up of hundreds of different businesses producing different computer parts. Companies such as NVIDIA and ATI manufacture Video Cards which are able to produce 3D images. Seagate and Western Digital are making faster and larger Hard Disk Drives. Advanced Micro Devices Incorporated, AMD for short, and Intel Corporation, the two major Microprocessor manufacturers have recently released their latest batch of CPUs. The latest are the 2200 MHz P4 and the Athlon XP 2100+. Each gives us more processing power far beyond our current Microsoft office requirements. Then why would anyone consider buying one of these microprocessors? Demand for computers changes with the needs of the people. Fashions change and people might start looking for system stability or for customizability. For example in the 70s when computers were emerging the major companies were Apple, Tandy, Texas Instruments, Commodore and Amiga. Apple products were the most popular because of there performance and reliability. Later the other microprocessors improved and just about any computer could be used for word processing and spreadsheets. After this the competitive advantage went to companies who used IBM products. Later there were clones from Compaq, Packard Bell, Toshiba and many others. Then it shifted to dependability for parts and services and firms like IBM, Compaq, and Hewlett-Packard commanded price premiums. In the 90s the computer market completely shifted and emphasized customizability and companies like Dell rocketed to the top tiers of the computer industry. At the moment people are beginning to enter the digital realm. With the release of the Xbox, DVD, Plasma Television and Broad Band Communications many people want something that can give them a bit of everything and so performance has become a major issue in buying a computer. Compared to other domestic industries, the computer industry is unique. Every year, ...

Subordinate Clauses and Commas

Subordinate Clauses and Commas Subordinate Clauses and Commas Subordinate Clauses and Commas By Jacquelyn Landis Writers like to sprinkle their work with subordinate clauses because they add variety to sentence structure. A reading diet too heavy with simple sentences or even compound sentences becomes wearisome quickly. Subordinate clauses- also known as dependent clauses- used skillfully can add complexity and artfulness to writing. A subordinate clause can either precede or follow its main clause. What writers tend to get confused about, however, is when and where to place commas in relation to subordinate clauses. The simple rule is this: If a subordinate clause precedes the main clause, separate the two with a comma: Unless you have a lot of money, steer clear of Rodeo Drive. If the subordinate clause follows the main clause, no comma is usually needed: Steer clear of Rodeo Drive unless you have a lot of money. Many writers wouldnt be able to resist the temptation to stick a comma between Drive and unless even though its not strictly necessary. Theres a natural pause that seems to call for a comma, but try to resist its call unless a pause is needed for special emphasis. One notable exception is when the subordinating conjunction because is used and the main clause expresses a negative concept: Don’t worry about your spelling errors because the editor will fix them. Omitting a comma in this sentence suggests the meaning that there’s another reason not to worry about the spelling errors: Don’t worry about your spelling errors because the editor will fix them; worry about them because you shouldn’t have made them to begin with. So if the real reason you shouldn’t worry about the spelling errors is, in fact, because the editor will fix them, we need a comma: Don’t worry about your spelling errors, because the editor will fix them. Watch out for because in your subordinate clauses. Scrutinize your sentences to make sure youre not clouding the issue and confusing your readers. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Types of RhymeBroadcast vs Broadcasted as Past FormWhen to use "an"

WALES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

WALES - Essay Example According to the BBC report dated 14 Nov 2012, Wales had an employment rate of 8.2% in November 2012 whereas the rate was 7.8% in the case of the whole UK for the same period. Deprivation index: - while analyzing the Wales’ deprivation index 2012, it seems that the country has satisfactory living conditions. Wales as a Tourist Destination According to BBC report dated Sep19, 2012, Wales is a rapidly emerging tourist destination in the United Kingdom with an annual industry turnover of ?3.5 billion. Statistical reports indicate that 8,078,900 people visited National Trust and Welsh Tourist Board destinations in 2002 (Wales Information, n.d.). Tourism industry plays a key role in boosting the economic growth of the Wales. To illustrate, in 2005 the tourism industry supported the economy of Wales by providing more than 100,000 service sector jobs which accounted for the country’s 8% of the workforce (ibid). The major tourist activities in Wales are mountain hiking; visitin g historic places, museums, and galleries; and shopping. Another report indicates that foreign tourists made over 1.1 million trips to Wales in 2006 (Countryside Council for Wales). Mainly, overseas tourists to Wales are from Republic of Ireland, Germany, and the United States. According to statistical information, tourism-related employment in Wales increased from 59,000 in 2000 to 78,000 in 2007 (Cultural tourism, 2012). Cardiff, the capital of the Wales, is the most popular tourist destination in the country. As Alford (2010) reports, the Cardiff tourism sector provides over 26,300 jobs and it had 14.6 million visitors in 2009. In 2004, the three cities, in term of tourists spent the most money, were Cardiff, Conwy, and Gwynedd. Wales offers improved accommodation and leisure amenities to visitors. Successes and Weaknesses While analyzing Wales’ tourism sector, it is clear that the country’s history and distinctive culture, natural environment, and attractive scener y and heritage significantly contribute to its success. The Museum of Welsh Life is the most popular tourist attraction in the country, attracting more than 600,000 tourists annually (Wales vacation packages). In addition, many castles like Caernarfon Castle and Caerphilly Castle attract visitors having historical interests. The varied landscape is another major tourist attraction in Wales. The country has three national parks including the Snowdonia National Park, the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park, and the Brecon Beacons National Park. Wales is prominent for its extreme sports activities like downhill cycling, surfing, and hang gliding. The Wales Rally GB is organized in the country annually. It has been estimated that nearly 1.8 million US citizens have Welsh ancestral roots (webarchieve.com). Hence, genealogy is major reason why many US citizens visit Wales each year. Well developed infrastructure is another reason making Wales one of the world’s popular tourist destin ations. The country has also developed improved road, rail, and air travel facilities, which are crucial to the success of the tourism industry. Wales’ proximity to all other UK markets contributes to the success of the Wales tourism industry. The country can offer a wide range of leisure activities including walking, mountaineering, and fishing (Sports and leisure activities in Wales). Wales Tourist Board (WTB) is a well established and financially sound entity.

How to Improve College Education in the United States Essay

How to Improve College Education in the United States - Essay Example This essay stresses that the importance of education is that it plays a major role in determining the future of the concerned individuals. At times, it seems to widen the gap between the high and low income families with regard to the level of education that is present. Placing hopes on education simply means that only those who are educated prosper in life. Needless to mention, that the gap between the rich and the poor widen with the presence of education. In reference to this, it is important that the United States assesses student learning in higher education institutions. Assessment basically entails educational improvement where ideas are enacted on the type of learning that has more value to students and aim at assisting in its achievement. The values should incorporate both, what we choose to assess and how we do it. This paper makes a conclusion that the United States should ensure their colleges and universities regain back their glory as some of the best universities worldwide. This could be done through ensuring that the level of education is taken to a notch higher and more complex cognitive skills are taught to prepare graduated to a working experienced world. The college and universities should not be highly taxed especially for foreign students as this discourages them from joining the institutions. Through this, there will be a grantee of an improvement in the college education in the United States.

The Importance of College Essay Example for Free

The Importance of College Essay Higher education can be very beneficial to the individual and to the broader community. The common conception that higher education would mean higher pay is proven to be true. Not only is college beneficial to the individuals, but in the long-run, it helps their communities as well. College-graduates can provide their communities with new businesses and a better skilled work-force. Therefore, it would be an advantageous for people to attend college as it will promise a brighter future. College education was said to be beneficial even in the earliest years of American history. One of the many people who advocated college was Thomas Jefferson, â€Å"The less wealthy people†¦ by the bill for a general education, would be qualified to understand their rights, to maintain them, and to exercise with intelligence their parts of self-government†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (88). His writings about education has shaped the early decades of America’s schooling system. He thought that education would help to ensure the equality of all people in the country. Higher education was thought to be beneficial to early America because it was supposed to preserve the nation’s democracy. Schools like Harvard in 1636 and Yale in 1701 strongly approved of a good education. The colonies of America directly supported many of the early colleges (Rudolph 492). In the 1950s, The Truman Commission on Higher Education helped push the community college movement. They said that education would promote â€Å"equal liberty and equal opportunity to differing individuals and groups† (Ostar 168). This group wanted the citizens of America to be able to understand their rights and duties in the democratic nation. Typically, today’s belief about college is that it provides better economic benefits. These benefits could be higher status jobs and better pay. These beliefs stem from many sources. Every year, newspaper and television would feature stories about the current college graduates and their future jobs. These stories contribute to giving the public the idea that college is about success. President Bill Clinton gave a speech at Princeton University about the significance of going to college. He proclaimed that a higher education would lead to better individual economic interest. He continues to say that â€Å"Two years of college earn a quarter of a million dollars more than their high school counter-parts over a lifetime† (Reaping 20). Policymakers encouraged people to attend college when they allowed forty billion dollars over five years to be used for better development of education. Because of all the publicity associating with better pay, many Americans now believe the same. There has been research to confirm the views of higher education and higher pay. Schultz, Becker, and Mincer formally proved the relationship of the two. Becker said investments in human capital would increase in value as the individual’s skills increased. Education was said to be an investment that would later return with positive outcomes. Leslie and Brinkman estimate that mean rate of return to obtaining an undergraduate education was about 12. 4 percent (Reaping 145). Berger and Black university of Kentucky’s Center for Business and Economic Research said, â€Å"The most enduring economic impact of the universities is the increased earning power that students take with them into the job market† (NELA). They convey that college education would help the individuals throughout their life. They would contribute to the nation by starting new business with a better labor force. Better education may also have a beneficial effect on civil society. Civil society could be strengthened by community involvement and organization that helps keep communities together. It is thought that higher education prompts people to volunteer, donate to charities, and overall help their community. It is estimated by the Kentucky Long-Term Policy Research Center that people with better education are more likely to be involved in their community and participate in leadership activities. These college-educated participants are likely to be in a group to solve problems for their community. They concluded that a person doubles their probability to be a leader of a community if they have a four-year degree or higher compared to a high school graduate. Individuals were surveyed about donating to charities. 85 percent of high school graduates responded â€Å"yes† while 93 percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher did the same (NELA). Since Fall 2002, there are more people with college degrees than ever before. Workers who attended college went from 26 percent to 33 percent between 1992 and 2000. This is because employers like workers who have graduated from college more compared to non-graduates. Studies have shown that college-graduates are generally better at â€Å"creative thinking, effective communication, problem solving, organization, teamwork, research, and decision making† (NELA). People with a college degree are half as likely to be without a job compared to people who are high school graduates. This is because many managers generally feel that college-graduates are more determined and serious about their job. Managers also tend to give more promotions to the college-graduates over the non-graduates (NELA). Higher education can lead to public economic benefits. These improvements generally help the nation’s economy as a whole. This comes from the peoples participations with better education. Increased tax revenues would mean that the nation is better off. In 1994, college-graduates paid 71 percent of all federal incomes taxes. Better education would also mean better productivity. America’s productivity has increased over the last twenty years because of the steady increase of the quality of education. Increased consumption would also be good for the nation because it would lead to a stronger economy. Studies have shown that the increase of consumption is direct result of better education. Since the economic system is always changing, higher education has allowed the workforce to be more flexible because they gain generalized skills such as critical thinking, writing, and communication. The final public economic benefit is that college-graduates are less likely to rely on government assistance programs for living, such as Food Stamps, Medicaid, housing assistance, and other programs (Reaping 15). There are many individual economic benefits with higher education. College-graduates earn more in both their lifetime and annual incomes. In 1995, a person with a bachelor’s degree earned 73 percent more money than a high school graduate. There have been studies to prove that people who went to college earn better fringe benefits such as vacations and health care. College-graduates are hired at a higher consistency. In 1998, unemployment has decreased for people with a bachelor’s degree. People with only a high school diploma are three times as likely to be without a job. Another benefit of having a college degree is improved working conditions. These people enjoy air conditioned heated rooms with other benefits like computers. Overall, their working conditions are better than high school counterparts. Research has told us that college graduates are better at changing jobs. This is because they have learned more skills to apply to a broader range of differing jobs. The Census Bureau’s survey says that â€Å"those with a bachelor’s degree or more have higher value interest earning assets, home equity, and other financial assets† (Reaping 16). There are public social benefits that stem from college graduates. Out of a population of 100,000, there were 122 prisoners with college experience compared to 1,829 prisoners with some high school education. A study showed that 77 percent of people with college degrees help their communities by volunteering compared to only 45 percent of high school graduates. Another public social benefit is that there are better voter turnouts with college graduates. In 1992, 79 percent of college educated people ages 25-44 voted; this is compared to 50 percent of those with only a high school diploma and 27 percent of those without a high school diploma. Studies have shown that the offspring of the better educated parents have a better chance to go to college. The daughters of the college graduates are less likely to have unexpected pregnancies. College-educated people also have more free time. They have time to read more literature than high school graduates. They also visit theme parks, museums and sporting events at higher rates (Reaping 23). With all these great benefits from college education, there is no reason why students shouldn’t go to college. The experience will stay with the individual throughout their life. Their private economic benefits are better, while simultaneously helping their nation with public economic benefits. College education is the way to a brighter and more prosperous future for all. Works Cited Jefferson, Thomas. The autobiography of Thomas Jefferson, 1743-1790: together with a summary of the chief events in Jeffersons life. New York: Dover Publications, 2005. Print. NELA. NELA. N. p. , n. d. Web. 1 Oct. 2013. Ostar, Allan W. Colleges and universities for change: Americas comprehensive public state colleges and universities. New York: AASCU Press, 1987. Print. Reaping the benefits: defining the public and private value of going to college: the new millennium project on higher education costs, pricing, and productivity. Washington, D. C. : The Institute for Higher Education, 1998. Print. Rudolph, Frederick. The American college and university, a history. 1st ed. New York: Alferd. A. Knopf, 1990. Print.

East-West Values and the Mother-daughter Relationship in Amy Tans The

East-West Values and the Mother-daughter Relationship in The Joy Luck Club      Ã‚  Ã‚   The dominant theme of The Joy Luck Club is the clash between Chinese, American cultures, and how it affects the relationship between mothers and daughters. All of the mothers in the book were born and raised in China. All of their daughters were born and raised in the United States. Because of the differences in family traditions and values between the way the mothers had been raised in China and the way their daughters were growing up in America, there was bound to be a clash between the two generations. Perhaps the most dramatic example of how East-West conflicting traditions and values affected a mother-daughter relationship was that of Suyuan Woo and her daughter, Jing-mei.       When the book opens, Suyuan has been dead for two months. Her daughter, who prefers to call herself by the American name of "June" rather than her Chinese name, has been asked by her father to take her dead mother's place. She was to take Suyuan's place in a club Suyuan started when she moved to America. June was to be the fourth member of this club, which was hosted at one of the member's homes each session and the group played mahjong and provided strength for each other in their transition to becoming Americanized. Over the course of the next few months, through the conversations and stories told by her mother's old friends at the mahjong table, June learns a great deal about her mother, and, ultimately, about herself as well.    One of the conflicts between East and West is clash between the hard work ethic of Asian parents and the easier-going standards that Western parents have for their children. Watching a little Chinese girl playing the p... ...5.    Heung, Marina. "Daughter-Text/Mother-Text: Matrilineage in Amy Tan's The Joy Luck Club." Feminist Studies (Fall 1993): 597-616.    Hagedorn, Jessica. "Asian Women in Film: No Joy, No Luck." Signs of Life in the USA. 2nd. ed. Ed. Sonia Maasik and Jack Solomon. New York: Bedford, 1997. 306-14.    Huntley, E. D. Amy Tan: A Critical Companion. Westport: Greenwood P, 1998.    Ling, Amy. Between Worlds: Women Writers of Chinese Ancestry. New York: Pergamon, 1990.    Shear, Walter. "Generational differences and the diaspora in The Joy Luck Club." Women Writers. 34.3 (Spring 1993): 193    Tan, Amy. The Joy Luck Club. Vintage Contemporaries. New York: A Division of Random House, Inc., 1991..    Wong, Sau-ling Cynthia. Reading Asian American Literature: From Necessity to Extravagance. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1993

Equilibrium

Equilibrium Director: Kurt Wimmer The film Equilibrium, directed by Kurt Wimmer, illustrates a world without emotions and how higher forms of control define a society. The idea of control is shown though the main character John Preston (Christian Bale). John Preston is the Top Gun Kata cleric. Initially he forgot to take a dose of Prozium (a drug which removes emotions from ones system). This mistake gives Preston an opportunity to change both his and all Librians lives. His choices and views change and we can clearly see these changes through the plot, costumes, music and most importantly cinematography.Preston eventually gains free will and the choices he makes contribute to the redemption of Libria. Wimmer crafts ideas of the media controlling a society and how it is important to stand up for ones individuality. The movie is set in a fictional town called Libria. It is ruled by the Tetragrammaton government and Father. Sense offenders those who are able to feel are exterminated by Grammaton Clerics. The film begins with a raid in the Nethers, where the sense offenders live. The scene is dim, dull and gloomy.Wimmer has done a great job with the camera work in the film to portray certain messages. The camera slowly pans over a vivid painting which symbolises life and emotion. Paintings and feelings are illegal in the society and punishable by death. The sense offenders guard a few remaining artefacts left by hiding them inside a room. The sense offenders desperately protect the illegal content because they are the remains from pre – world war three. The audience is then shown a wide shot of a group of Grammaton clerics about to enter the building.The group enter the building enclosing around the offenders. The clerics have orders from the fascist government to exterminate all sense offenders. The lawbreakers are slaughtered and all other objects of emotional content are destroyed. These two shots are important as they show who is fighting in the war and why the war is occurring. The law of Libria requires all Librians to take a daily dose of Prozium. After the raid Preston takes Mary O’Brien (Emily Watson) a sense offender into custody for questioning. Her words are memorable as she compares the difference in their lives.Hers is worth living because she has emotions whereas his is just â€Å"a clock ticking†. Preston contemplates Mary’s words as they give him more choice than the current society holds. He is infused with emotions and his views on life change ultimately confusing him. When Preston revisits the Nethers he approached a room full of illegal content. His newfound emotions give him curiosity and he plays a record – Beethoven. The power of the music helps justify Preston’s choice to bring change to Libria and the world. Jurgen, the head of the resistance fighters meets with Preston.They form a plan to overthrow Father and the government in order to give all Librians free will. The costu mes have been used throughout the film to help create thought provoking ideas of how emotions define a society. At the beginning of the film Preston always wears dark gloves. Preston takes his gloves off after he stops taking prozium. There is an effective image of Preston sliding his bare hand across a bullet shot wall. It is shown he explores how to feel when he slides his hand across the wall. This shows the audience how Preston gains a sense of touch.The Gun Kata and Grammaton clerics a new arm of the law always wear very conservative clothing. The audience is unable to connect to the Gun Kata as they appear desensitised. The costumes emphasise how they are emotionless and powerful. At the end of the film when Preston is fighting the Tetragrammaton government and Father, he wears an all white pristine uniform. This use of costume strongly symbolises good versus evil. It also makes Preston seem god like and powerful as he is the saviour of Libria. An example of good vs. evil is w hen DuPont begs for his life staring up at Preston.Preston takes DuPont’s life in revenge of Mary’s death. Preston now has smeared blood upon his white uniform, symbolising that he has blood on his hands. The camerawork has been crafted through the film to portray the idea of control. In Low angle shots, Father appears on large screens in the town of Libria. This is significant as it shows the power and status Father has over the people. The director uses high shots to show Father looking down on his puppet, Preston. This shot expresses Father’s power and presence is higher than Preston’s.There are close up’s of John injecting Prozium into his system. This illustrates how the Tetragrammaton Government has the unconscious power to make one take drugs. This may be to prevent a fourth world war like the government states or possibly other intentions of making sure the people are powerless. If the Librians have no emotions they have no free will. These effective shots work incredibly well considering Wimmer’s minimal budget. The Music has been used from beginning to end to show internal and external conflicts.In the first scene the music sounded dark and unnatural; the sense offenders are shown in a building guarding a painting. The music then changed to an upbeat orchestral symphony; and Preston is shown outside the building. The music then becomes dark and dangerous again. This use of music has been used by the director to show how the painting means life. The dark music is used to emphasise the eerie feeling that Preston gives showing the audience he’s mysterious and dangerous. Initially the film has very dull and quiet music in the background.When Preston gains feeling and emotions the music becomes more upbeat and louder. This highlights the change that Preston experiences. It is a powerful use of music as it is a link that feelings are what music sounds like. It also shows how the change has been for the bette r as at the start of the film the music was eerie and towards the middle and end the music was happy and upbeat. Wimmer did a remarkable job of portraying a society where people live their lives with no emotions. He demonstrates how media and higher forms of power control the perceptual world.The media shown in the film like The Mona Lisa and Beethoven demonstrate what would be missing in society. If they were destroyed, how the propaganda of a government would take away more life than what they proclaim they are saving. It also shows us that it is important to always fight for ones free will and never let the media take that away from one. In today’s society days media judges how we should look and act yet the masses conform to this media. The masses conform in order to not be socially shunned. Yet it is critical to remember to frequently take a stand for our individuality like John Preston.

Natural Disaster and Possible Harms Drugs

Reaction paper: Last July 23, 2011, an orientation on disaster preparedness and prohibited dangerous drugs was held at the CE building during our NSTP. The speaker wanted to make us prepared at all times in case of natural disasters or calamities either natural or man-made. He also enlightened our minds of the possible harms drugs can do to an individual. When we say disaster or calamity, it is a great or sudden misfortune or catastrophe, an adverse or unfortunate event, or an occurrence that causes great distress or destruction. While preparedness means, the  state  of  having  been  made  ready  or  prepared  for  use  or action. So disaster preparedness is in a state of  readiness to contain the  effects  of a forecasted  disastrous event  to minimize  loss  of  life,  injury, and  damage  to  property, it can provide rescue, relief, rehabilitation, and other  services in the  aftermath  of the  disaster. There are two types of disaster, natural and man-made. Natural disaster is the effect of a  natural hazard which leads to financial, environmental or human losses. Disasters occur when hazards meet  vulnerability. Natural disasters are also categorized. Examples: geological disasters – avalanche, earthquake, volcanic eruptions; hydrological disasters – floods, limnic eruptions, tsunamis and meteorological disasters: blizzards, cyclonic storms, droughts, hailstorms, heat waves, tornadoes and fires. While man-made disaster is a  disastrous event  caused  directly  and mainly by one or more individual on purpose also called  human-made disaster. On his lecture on disaster preparedness, he told us that we must always remember the word safety. If you have the right skills that can make you safe, then that’s better. In everything that you do, your attitude counts. Being flexible at all times makes it feasible for us to overcome whatever may happen. And yes, education is very crucial; having the right knowledge could help a lot. Having trainings can develop your skills and it all depends with you. If you put it all together; skill, attitude, flexibility, education, training and you, SAFETY follows. While it may be impossible to prepare for every possible scenario, the important point to remember here is to start somewhere with your own personal preparedness plan. Good preparation will lessen the impact of a disaster on our physical, mental, psychological, emotional and other spect of our human lives and love ones. He also explained to us the effects of dangerous drugs to us and that we should avoid taking such. Take note of the acronym DRUG – danger, route, unto, grave. A drug may be helpful or harmful. The effects of drugs can vary depending upon the kind of drug taken, how much is taken, how often it is used, how quickly it gets to the brain, and what other drugs, food, or substances are taken at the same time. Effects can also vary based on the differences in body size, shape, and chemistry. Some teens believe drugs will help them think better, be more popular, stay more active, or become better athletes. Others are simply curious and figure one try won't hurt. Others want to fit in. A few use drugs to gain attention from their parents. Many teens use drugs because they're  depressed  or think drugs will help them escape their problems. The truth is, drugs don't solve problems — they simply hide feelings and problems. When a drug wears off, the feelings and problems remain, or become worse. Drugs can ruin every aspect of a person's life. This orientation indeed has given us knowledge which may help not only us, but also other people in the future.

True or False essays

True or False essays In this paper I attempt to explain Strawsons neither true nor false argument against Russells theory of descriptions. In order to explain this I will first give the relevant parts of Russells theory of descriptions that Strawson addresses as having problems. Then I will give Strawsons theory of descriptions. Finally I will compare the two theories showing where the arguments differ, and why Strawson believed there was a problem with Russells theory. After giving Strawsons conclusion I will then assess Strawsons argument stating whether or not it was successful. In Russells theory of descriptions he addresses a problem that arises in finding the truth value of certain sentences. Consider the following statement; The director of E.T. is tall. In order for the sentence to meet the requirements of truth conditions the sentence has to have the ability to be shown true or false. Then the object of reference must hold a certain relation. So in the example if the director of E.T. is tall then sentence is true. However, if the director of E.T. is not tall then the sentence is false. Yet what happens when there is no object of reference at all. In line with the following example, what happens if there is no director of E.T.? If there is no director of E.T. then deciding whether he/she is tall would prove rather difficult. In order to overcome this problem Russell says that we must reveal the underlying structure for sentences of this type. We must consider the sentence not as it is, but we must convert it, and instead think of it existentially. There exists a director of E.T. and he holds the property or relation of being tall. What Russell has done is add an extra requirement in order to satisfy the truth conditions of the sentence. That requirement is to find the existence of a unique salient object of reference. In this case a person, who ex...

Stewart’s Calculus 8th Edition, Section 1.1, Question 2, Pg. 19

Stewart’s Calculus 8th Edition, Section 1.1, Question 2, Pg. 19 SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips This posts contains a Teaching Explanation. You can buy Calculus by Stewart here. Why You Should Trust Me: I’m Dr. Fred Zhang, and I have a bachelor’s degree in math from Harvard. I’ve racked up hundreds and hundreds of hours of experienceworking withstudents from 5th gradethroughgraduate school, and I’m passionate about teaching. I’ve read the whole chapter of the text beforehand and spent a good amount of time thinking about what the best explanation is and what sort of solutions I would have wanted to see in the problem sets I assigned myself when I taught. Question: If $f(x) = (x^2-x)/(x-1)$ and $g(x)=x$, is it true that f=g? Page in 8th Edition: 19 Short Answer: No, f≠  g. For input x = 1, f(1) is undefined since the denominator is zero, whereas g(1) = 1. Homework Answer: Same as short answer. Motivated Answer:We’re asked if f = g, but the equations for f and g look very different. You might be tempted to say, â€Å"No the functions are different because the equations look different.† However, functions can be the same even if the equations look very different. Remember, functions take in inputs, and spit out outputs. Two functions are only equal if they always give you the same outputfor a given input.You can’t manually test every possible input value using pen and paper, since it would take up too much time! But you can try to test whether the equations are the same. So we can write:$$(x^2-x)/(x-1) =? x$$(Here =? means, we’re not sure yet if it’s equal or not.) Now if you’ve taken algebra before, you might recognize that you can write this as$$(x^2-x)/(x-1)=(x(x-1))/(x-1)=? x$$It’s tempting to cancel out the (x-1) and conclude that$x(x-1)/(x-1) = x$, but this is not perfectly true. Remember when you cancel things out from the top and bottom of the fraction, the bottom cannot equal zero. This means that we have the caveat here is that x-1≠  0.If x – 1≠  0 in this cancellation, then x≠ 1. This gives us the clue we need to get the answer, which is that we can try to put 1 into both equations.$f(1)=(1^2– 1)/(1-1)$ ,so f is not defined at $x=1$. $g(1) = 1$, so g is defined at$x=1$.Now, we’ve proven that f≠ g. Remember, if we can find for any input x, the functions f and g give different outputs, then f and g are different, no matter how similar f and g are for other inputs! Get full textbook solutions for just $5/month. PrepScholar Solutions has step-by-step solutions that teach you critical concepts and help you ace your tests. With 1000+ top texts for math, science, physics, engineering, economics, and more, we cover all popular courses in the country, including Stewart's Calculus. Try a 7-day free trial to check it out. Video Solution:

Ethanol production in Brazil may drive deforestation in Amazon Term Paper - 1

Ethanol production in Brazil may drive deforestation in Amazon - Term Paper Example Our extreme weather temperatures (heat waves and extreme cold temperatures), super typhoons, droughts, floods, and similar occurrences have all been traced back by scientists and other experts to global warming. Due to these concerns, efforts to cut back on fuel or oil use have also been conceptualized and strong support for the use of alternative sources of fuel has been suggested. One of these methods is the use of ethanol from sugarcane as an alternative fuel source. Ethanol can be blended with or used directly as fuel and its properties create less pollution and environmental damage. Ethanol is already being utilized in different countries, including Brazil, Scandinavia, United States, Germany, Japan, and New Zealand, among others and many car manufacturers have made the necessary adjustments and accommodations in their cars in order to ensure that they would run well on ethanol fuel (Peyton and Nalco, p. 298). The use of ethanol is however, not without its problems. Brazilâ€⠄¢s ethanol is mostly made from sugarcane and some environmentalists have pointed out that the growing demand for the fuel may push sugarcane growers into the Amazon. Hence, the global demand for ethanol may threaten the Amazon rain forest in Brazil, causing large scale deforestation of the area. This paper shall now discuss the negative impacts of the ethanol production in Brazil’s Amazon rainforest. It shall also conceptualize possible solutions in order to alleviate these problems. Surveys reveal that from the years 1960 to 2007, the land area in Brazil planted with sugarcane increased from 1.4 million to 7 million hectares. With this increase in land cover for sugarcane plantations, the production of sugarcane also increased from 45 to 75 Mg/ha. Such an increase in productivity was caused by improved agricultural techniques and improved breeding programs (Martinelli and Filoso, p. 886). In recent years, the increase in

Not yet confirmed. Something with politics or international law, but Essay

Not yet confirmed. Something with politics or international law, but an easy one - Essay Example ility to target a wide group of public and because the people themselves can start revolutions and take active decisions through the use of this media. Social media can serve a number of significant purposes in the modern societies. They are used as active modes of communication, raising awareness about political and social matters, entertainment, education, news and publications, public announcements, current affairs and so on. Also, the social media impacts the arena of modern politics through a combination of the important interfaces of social communications and the use of technology. This report is prepared with the aim of discussing and evaluating the role of social media in different political unrest situations. The report is prepared by introducing social media followed by an analysis of the impact of social media on the national and international political scenarios. This is done by considering the examples of political unrest and protests in countries like Middle East, Philippines, Moldova and Iran and analysing the role that social media played in aggravating or controlling these situations. The report also includes a discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of social media in politics. A suitable conclusion is given by summarizing the entire write up and highlighting the main findings from the report. Social Media Network (SMN) is a part of the Information Communication Technologies (ICTs). The social media networks can be defined as the online utilities and tools that facilitate communication, collaboration and participation in information generation through the digital mediums. 1Social media is an extended part of media which uses the information communication technologies to communicate and collect information through different channels formed by the convergence of technologies available in the foray of computing, microelectronics, optoelectronics, broadcasting, software and telecommunications. 2It can also be said that the social media

Leadership Portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Leadership Portfolio - Essay Example In addition, I love planning and organizing social events. Attending MBA will smooth the path of my goals. Such a program will deepen my expertise and broaden my perspectives. Above all, SEU MBA will help me strengthen both the financial knowledge and the entrepreneurial skills. The assessment that I have completed during this course has served to make my self-reflect better, because I can comfortably evaluate a given topic as required. After provision of the feedback on the assessment I have learnt the areas that I need to improve upon and most especially self-study. I have been experiencing problems with self-study, because I believed I would only understand a given subject of study if I learn it in the classroom setting. However, after evaluating the assessments and the feedback I can now conduct my self-study and even learn ahead on the topics that we anticipate learning in class. The assessment that has been an eye-opening of them all is the leadership trait questionnaire (LTQ). This is because it helped me determine my personal leadership traits, as I took the assessment and evaluated the score; I know have admirable leadership traits, even though previously, I was not certain on the same. In order to improve the organizations leadership and determine individuals that have leadership traits I can utilize the LTQ on my colleagues and followers in the firm (Rosch, 2007). Prior to introducing the assessment in the organization, I will conduct my personal research on the firm’s leadership structure and the traits of those in leadership. This research will give me an opportunity to determine the traits that need to be addressed, the strengths and weakness of my colleagues. I will then analyze these factors and start my assessment by asking my colleagues what they fill about varying leadership issues and the traits they believe a quality leader should have in order to help the firm attain its goals.

Nigerian Breweries Marketing Analysis

Nigerian Breweries Marketing Analysis EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report is set to discuss about the marketing report of Nigerian Breweries Plc. It covers their history, the PEST analysis, their strategies and tactics. A good marketing report is needed in an organisation to know the status of the organisation and to know where they are failing and succeeding so that they can correct or maintain the situation. This paper would fully explain the marketing report of Nigerian Breweries with a little recommendation. INTRODUCTION Kotler (2002) defined Marketing as the social process by which individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating and exchanging products and value with others. Marketing is essentially about marshalling the resources of an organization so that they met the changing needs of the customer on whom the organization depends. (Palmer, 2003) Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create exchanges that customer and organizational objectives. (Drucker, 2005) The concept of marketing as a business philosophy defines marketing as a process that is intended to find, satisfy and retain customers while business makes a profit. But central to all these definitions is the role of the customer and his relationship to the product. A market research is imperative for a company to know what type of products or services would be profitable to introduce in the market. Also with respect to its existing products in the market, good market research enables a company to know if it has been able to satisfy customer needs and whether any changes need to be made in the packaging, delivery or the product itself. (Anonymous, 2009) HISTORICAL BACKGROUND Nigerian Breweries Plc (NBPLC) is the countrys pioneer brewery. Incorporated in 1946, it commenced production in 1949. It started as a joint venture between the United African Company (WAC) International, UK and Heineken of Holland. Thus, at inception, it was 100 per cent foreign owned. By the early 1950s, when it began operating fully, some indigenous traders already involved with its products were invited to become shareholders. Under the indigenization policy of the early 1970s the foreign shareholders were forced to sell a significant proportion of their holdings. Today, the company is 60 per cent Nigerian owned and 40 per cent foreign owned. The 60 per cent Nigerian stake is held by company employees and members of the public, while the 40 per cent foreign ownership is split almost equally between CWA Holdings Limited (for Unilever) and Heineken Brouwerijen BV. Its first bottle of beer, STAR Lager, rolled off the bottling lines of its Lagos Brewery in June 1949. Other breweries were subsequently commissioned by the company, including Aba Brewery in 1957, Kaduna Brewery in 1963, and Ibadan Brewery in 1982. In September 1993, the company acquired its fifth brewery in Enugu state, and in October 2003, its sixth brewery, sited at Ama in Enugu. Ama Brewery is the largest brewery in Nigeria and one of the most modern worldwide. Operations at Enugu brewery were discontinued in 2004, leaving the company with five operational breweries. The company has a portfolio of high-quality brands, including Star Lager Beer (launched in 1949); Gulder Lager Beer (1970); Maltina (1976), which now has three varieties, namely Maltina Classic, Maltina Strawberry, and Maltina with Pineapple; Maltina Sip-it (2005), which was packaged in Tetrapaks; Legend Extra Stout (1992); and Amstel Malta (1994). The company also re-launched Heineken Lager into the Nigerian market in June 1998. Nigerian Breweries is the most capitalized quoted company on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE), it is also the first company in any sector to declare N12 billion in PBT and the first company in Nigerian history to declare dividend of N8 billion (Vanguard, 2003). Nigerian Breweries operates many related companies, including beverage-related manufacturing companies making corks, labels, bottles, packing crates; and a logistics network, including transport companies, warehousing companies and retail sales management THE MARKET ENVIRONMENT Market Environment is the various external forces that can directly or indirectly affect the many activities of an organization. This is an integral part of environmental scanning. These activities include acquisition of human resources, raw materials, financial resources, and development of goods and services. The marketing environment includes forces such as: political, legal, regulatory, economic, social, technological, and competitive. Nigerian Breweries Plc functions in two different market enviroment namely the Macro and Micro which affects it externally and internally. (Kotler, 2004), the PEST analyses and the Porters Five Forces model of Nigerian Breweries would be discussed in this report. PEST analysis stands for â€Å"Political, Economic, Social, and Technological analysis† and describes a framework of macro-environmental factors used. (P)OLITICAL ANALYSIS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Political analysis involves elections, employment law, consumer protection, environmental regulations, industry-specific regulations, competitive regulations, inter-country relationships/attitudes, war, terrorism, political trends in the country where the company is based. The political situation in Nigeria has experienced a stable balance since the commencement of the democratic governance and this has impacted on Nigerian breweries plc in different ways. Politically, Nigerian breweries was affected positively when the ban on importation of barley was lifted as well as placing a 20% tariff on both products by the federal government on January 6 1998, this increased its options of raw materials for production as the company had been forced to make use of local corn and sorghum for brewing in the past. Sales in Nigerian Breweries have been on the rise as opposed to the style in European and other developing markets partly because despite the individual state governments efforts by creating laws to regulate the sales and distribution of alcoholic products it has not put in-place proper control mechanism to checkmate and control the phenomenon of alcoholic consumption, this is due to the laxity in enforcement of laws in Nigeria and the high level of corruption in government (Daily Trust, 11 September 2008). (E)CONOMICAL ANALYSIS Economical Analysis involves the exchange rates and stability of the host country, skill level of work force, labour cost, and Economic level of growth, unemployment rate, inflation rate and interest rate. Nigeria is a growing economy therefore it is less affected by the recent global economic financial crisis and this has a positive impact on the sales of Nigerian breweries products as people have disposable income and can spend more on drinking of beer products, this therefore is a positive development for the company (Malandrakis, 2009). Also, the unemployment rate in Nigeria is really high and it makes a lot of people idle and they spend most of their time at bars which helps increase the sales of beers. The Exchange rate in Nigeria is low comparing to the US dollar and it can affect the business when the raw materials are being imported as it cost a lot of money. Another economical issue which is affecting Nigerian Breweries negatively is based under the labour cost which is the lack of constant electricity supply in Nigeria; this has forced the company to make use of alternative means of power supply such as generators were the company spends a huge budget on diesel which has a constant increasing price. (S)OCIAL ANALYSIS Social Analysis involves the Demographics, Class Structure, Gender, and Age, Attitude (health and environmental consciousness) The production of recreational centres in major cities which have all been changed to drinking joints locally known as â€Å"Joints† (Daily Trust, 11 September 2008) has changed drinking of beer into a social activity. It has observed that people prefer drinking out with friends as drinking of beer has become similar with celebrations such as weddings, parties, clubs and other social gatherings, among youths drinking is done in order to belong. This social drinking habit is clearly evident as it supports on trade sales which dominates the Nigerian market with a market share of 80% sales (Malandrakis, 2009). In northern Nigeria, states like Zamfara, Kano, Kaduna and Sokoto ban beer drinking because of their Sharia Law. A law is passed around that people who drink any form of alcohol or commit adultery, theft would be severely punished (The Guardian, 2002) and this affects the sales of beer in that region. Nigerian breweries is also involved in social responsibility by sponsoring events such as star quest which is aimed at discovering new musical acts (Nigerian Tribune, 8th June 2009) amongst other social events and creative writing workshop, a program created to groom the young writer (Vanguard, 15 July 2009). (T)ECHNOLOGICAL ANALYSIS This involves inventions, new discoveries, research, energy uses/sources/fuels, communications, and rates of obsolescence, health manufacturing advances, information technology, internet, and transportation. Technology has not been a major aspect in Nigerian Breweries Plc but they have invested in the equipments used for beer production to make it have its original taste. They also invest in generators for electricity because of the electricity issues in Nigeria. The Social factors have the strongest effect on the market power of Nigerian Breweries Plc as drinking is a lifestyle which has evolved over the years. The Porters five forces apply new entrants, Buyer power, Supplier power, Substitute and Rivalry for analysis. POTENTIAL ENTRANTS Potential Entrants are other organisations interested in entering the industry. Potential entrants trying to come into the brewery industry in Nigeria find it very difficult because of a lot of mostly the Government policies, the cost of exit and entrance and this puts Nigerian breweries at a comfortable position as market leaders and leaves the company with nothing to worry about as regards new companies that may spring up. Other reasons why new companies find it difficult to come into the industry is because the switching cost is really high so any new company cannot just switch or leave the industry, brand loyalty is really high because the public is used to the products of Nigeria Breweries. SUBSTITUTES From Porters Model, substitute products refer to products in other industries. To the economist, a threat of substitutes occurs when a products demand is affected by the price change of a substitute product. Finding a substitute for beer in Nigeria is practically impossible because drinking beer in Nigeria has become part of social activity and also with the affordable price for the average and low earners (a bottle of star larger beer costs N140 which is less than a pound and is cheaper compared to wines, brandys and other bottled alcoholic drink) it has the price has a competitive advantage over the type drink like wine and brandy. The only major competitor within the industry that Nigerian breweries has in beer products is Guinness Nigeria Plc and both companies have between them 77% market share (WW8) therefore it would only take a special brand to substitute either of these brands. BUYER POWER Buyer power can be explained as the impact that customers have on a producing industry. This occurs when there are many suppliers and one buyer. In Nigeria Breweries, the buyer power is very little as they are the major supplier in the industry and the customers have little option but to get products from Nigeria Breweries. Buyer power can also explained by switching cost which is expensive due to the high prices of substitutes like wines and brandy. Also, Nigerian Breweries have grown so well that consumers have very strong brand loyalty on their products such as Gulder, Star. SUPPLIER POWER This can simply be explained as when there are many buyers and just one or little supplier. Nigerian breweries has a very high supplier power because the use of local corn and sorghum for manufacturing of beer has a high market value because of the limited availability of barley and other substitutes for brewing of beer, the farmers and suppliers of this raw materials have the power to raise their prices as they wish, leaving Nigerian Breweries at their mercy. RIVALRY The Nigerian beer industry has only 2 major companies in the industry which are Nigerian breweries and Guinness Nigeria Plc and this gives Nigerian Breweries less competition but high rivalry because there is low switching cost since the cost of a beer from Guinness Nigeria is almost the same price. Rivalry could also low because there are only two companies in the industry so it has enough market for both of them and it can gear its strategies against only one major competitor (Oyeyinka, 2002). THE COMPETITION OF NIGERIAN BREWERIES The major competitor for Nigeria Breweries is Guinness limited Nigeria, it manufactures beer in the brand mane of â€Å"Harp† in Nigeria. Harp Lager Brewery is located in Ikeja, Nigeria. This Nigerian brewery belonging to Tony Joyce started production in 1981. The annual production of beer is about 1,500,000 hl. The other beer production units of Guinness Nigeria Limited are located in Agbara, Benin, Aba in Imo. The other little breweries include Benue breweries, Olympic breweries, Sona Breweries and Consolidated Breweries. In general, competition for Nigerian Breweries is minimal as its only major competitor is Guinness Nigeria limited. Nigerian Breweries has the edge over these competitors majorly because of its brand loyalty and because of the fact that it has being producing beer for over 60 years. It also has a lot of branches all over Nigeria so as to reach the customers demands. MARKETING STRATEGY A marketing strategy is a process or model to allow a company or organisation to focus limited resources on the best opportunities to increase sales and thereby achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. (Ulrich et al, 2002) Nigerian Breweries Plc uses Marketing strategy to maintain competitive advantage. It uses the market segmentation, targeting and positioning as a means of carving out its own share of the market and catering for their needs. SEGMENTATION Market Segmentation can be defined as dividing a market into distinct groups with distinct needs, characteristics, or behaviour that might require separate products or marketing mix. (Anonymous, 2002) Segmentation refers to individuals and organisations with similar characteristics having significant implications for the determination of market strategy (Jobber, 2007), Segmentation can be broken down into Geographical segmentation, Demographic segmentation, Psychographic segmentation, Lifestyle, social class, and personality-based segmentation Behavioural segmentation. Nigerian breweries Plc segmentation is in relation to its consumers which serves all classes and ages of legal drinkers. In Nigeria, drinking beer is seen as a social event of festivity and because of its affordable price, it can be seen amongst the high, middle and lower class earners. The advertisement way of life which the company has built up over the years to appeal to all age groups and societal status types has also helped boost their market sales. Nigerian Breweries have advertised their major beer product (Star) as a drink that delivers superior enjoyment and brightens all social occasions this is so because the drink is seen as a key to happiness and celebration by its consumers. In general, Nigerian Breweries focuses on all the segment of market and has produced different types of products which covers all the segment of market in Nigeria TARGETING Market Targeting can be defined as the selection of a particular market segment toward which all marketing effort is directed. Market targeting enables the characteristics of the chosen segment to be taken into account when formulating a product or service and its advertising. (Keegan, 2001) Nigerian breweries have targeted their beers towards different market segments using a differentiated targeting strategy and they have two major beer products that target different classes and age groups. The â€Å"Star† beer product targets the youth, this is evident from most of its advertisements and sponsorship programs which is usually directed toward the younger generation while the â€Å"Gulder† beer product targets the older and higher financial class of people, this is also evident in its own type of advertising methods and sponsorships. POSITIONING It could also be defined as the place the product occupies in consumers minds relative to competing products. (Anonymous, 2002) Market positioning depends much on how competitors position themselves, a producer can be said to be successful if he can achieve the mental position which he/she is trying to make in the mind of the consumer. Nigerian breweries Plc have two major beer brands, Star and Gulder which respectively for the younger celebrating generation and for the more sophisticated and older generation of drinkers., This brandings falls in line with the customers perceptions of the two products as more of the younger generation identify with the Star brand which is not as bitter in taste as the Gulder brand which is more expensive in price than the Star brand. THE MARKETING MIX The term marketing mix refers to the primary elements that must be attended to in order to properly market a product or service. Also known as the 4 Ps of marketing which are Price, Promotion, Product and Place. PRICE The price you set for your product or service plays a large role in its marketability. Pricing for products or services that are more commonly available in the market is more elastic, meaning that unit sales will go up or down more responsively in response to price changes. (Jones, 2007) Price can be stated as the actual or rated value of a valuable product which is up for exchange; some define it as amount of money paid for product (Kotler et al, 2005) The price of the products (Star beer) produced by Nigerian Breweries is affordable for all the consumers in the market because it is produced from local corn and sorghum which is cheap so they make their profit and satisfy the customers which are mostly the youth and since most of their sales are mostly made from youth, the price would always remain affordable so as not to lose customers and reduce sales. PRODUCT Kotler et al, 2005 defined Product as anything that can be offered to a market for attention, acquisition, use or consumption that might satisfy a want or need Nigerian Breweries has two main beer products and they can be described as the core products of the organisation i.e. they serve their actual purpose for which it is bought by the customer which is for the quenching of thirst. However Gulder brand can be described as a luxury product meant for the sophisticated individual, these products are classified as consumer product because they are bought by the consumer to actually consume and not for other purposes. Nigerian Breweries has more than enough products for every type of consumers. They produce bottled water for thirst, Star beer for the youth, Maltina for the consumers that do not take alcohol. PLACE This term really refers to any way that the customer can obtain a product or receive a service. (Jones, 2007) Nigerian Breweries Plc has a wide distribution channel and makes use of external companies for distribution of its products nationwide; Nigerian Breweries use other transportation companies to assist distribute their goods nationwide. This system of distribution helps make the product more available to the consumers but this however limits the direct contact between producer and consumers which reduces feed-back time for the producers. PROMOTION Promotion is concerned with any vehicle you employ for getting people to know more about your product or service. Advertising, public relations, point-of-sale displays, and word-of-mouth promotion are all traditional ways for promoting a product. Promotion can be seen as a way of closing the information gap between would-be sellers and would-be buyers. (Jones, 2007) Nigerian Breweries Plc carry out sales promotion in two ways namely Consumer sales promotion targeted at the ultimate consumer market and trade sales promotion targeted at the members of the marketing channel, such as wholesalers and retailers, benefits of sales promotions include increased profit making. Examples of Nigerian Breweries sales promotion are â€Å"Star Xmas Carnival† which was targeted at the companys retailers and consumers were prizes like bags of rice, DVD Players and other items were won by consumers each day for 21 days (Ekeh, 2009), Gulder ultimate search were the winner took home 3 million naira cash prize (Ajayi, 2004). EVALUATION OF STRATEGY AND TACTICS Nigerian Breweries has been one of the major companies in the brewery industry for more than 60 years so it is fair to say that their strategy and tactics over the years have been close to spot on. In response to competition, Nigerian Breweries has been involved in several re-branding, product development and diversification efforts in the last 5 years. In 2006, the company launched its Guilder Max brand which was a darker, richer version of the successful Guilder Lager. In an attempt to enter the soft drink market, NB launched the Farouz brand of soft drinks (pineapple and pear flavour). Recently, they repackaged the Maltina brand by introducing a larger sized bottle while maintaining the price of the former bottle. The Star brand which is the flagship product of the company was also rebranded and has achieved huge success since then. RECOMMENDATION FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT Nigerian Breweries is already a major force in Nigeria but it is still not internationally recognised like other International companies in the industry so the major recommendation for Nigerian Breweries would to expand their products internationally or at least expand it within Africa. They could also build new refineries in different places in Africa to help expand their organisation. Since the distribution of their goods is done by other companies, they could venture into that business so they could proper feedback from their customers and be able to satisfy them more effectively. They could also venture into production of new brands of products so as to broaden their market. Investing in technology can also help with the growth of their organisation. Building vending machines can also help with the effective distribution of their product. CONCLUSION Nigerian Breweries is and would remain one of the major brewery companies in Nigeria and this marketing report that shows their strategies and tactics have tried to explain the reasons why they are such a major force in the brewery industry in Nigeria. It is obvious that there is room for improvement by them expanding their market and business into new countries but the important thing is that they are succeeding in their primary goal which is being able to satisfy their customers in their home land. REFRENCES Amos Etta, 16 october 2004, Gulder; After the search, what next? Vamguard News paper. Bennett Linda A., Ph.D, Carlos Campillo, M.D, C.R. Chandrashekar, M.D and Oye Gureje, M.B.B.S., Ph.D., FRANCZP, 1998, Alcoholic Beverage Consumption in India,Mexico, and Nigeria, A Cross-Cultural Comparison. Ekeh Desmond, 3 January 2009; 2008 Brand review: Consumer promotion as key driver, The Guardian Newspaper Kotler Philip et Al, 2002, Principles of marketing. Fourth European edition 4th European edition. Essential Guide to Marketing Planning / Marian Burk Wood. Jobber David, 2007, Principles and Practice of Marketing, 5th edition; Maidenhead McGraw-hill Education. Jones, Scholes 2007, Exploring corporate strategy: text cases. 8th edition. Malandrakis Spiros, 2009, Nigeria Spearheads Optimistic Outlook for Beer Sales in sub-Saharan Africa, Euro Monitor Moschis P George, 1993, Life Stage Segmentation for Marketing Strategy Development Nigerian Tribune, 8th June 2009 Obike Uche, 2005, Nigeria Breweries Continues to Expand Market Share; This Day Newspapers Oldroyd Mike, 2004, CIM Revision Cards, Marketing Environment; Butterworth Heinemann. Oyeyinka O, Banji, 2002, Manufacturing Response in a national system in Nigeria, The United Nations University. Ulrich R, Mc Donald, Shellhamer, Lopetcharat, 2002, Promoting Brand Benefits; The role of consumer Psychographic and lifestyle. Journal of consumer marketing. Vanguard, 5 June 2003, Nigeria Breweries Consolidates Corporate Leadership; Africa New Wang Weiyue, 2009, Managing Customers and Markets; Salford Business School. http://www.nbplc.com/homepage.php (ww1) http://www.heinekeninternational.com/nigerian02.aspx (ww2) http://web.ebscohost.com/ (ww3) http://allafrica.com/stories/200809110416.html (ww4) http://www.ias.org.uk/resources/publications/theglobe/globe200202/gl200202_p6.html (ww5) http://www.fas.usda.gov/grain/circular/1998/98-02/dtricks.htm (ww6) http://research.afrinvestwa.com:8080/GetDownload.aspx?dwlID=74 (ww7) http://www.euromonitor.com/Alcoholic_Drinks_in_Nigeria (ww8)

Influences of Gender and the Southwest :: Essays Papers

Influences of Gender and the Southwest Gender influences women artists in many ways. Some artists utilize their artwork to combat sexism. Others portray gender through their art in different ways than male artist might. Additionally, the careers of women artists may be influenced by their gender (or physical sex). The influence of the southwest is also very visible in the artwork of many artists who live or have lived here. Some are influenced by the diverse cultures who make this region their home. Others are influenced by the landscape. (I realize that this paper is not representative of all of the cultures which have helped to shape the southwest. This was not intentional. It is primarily because, regretably, I had a hard time finding resources on women artists in the Southwest who were from cultures other than Euro-American, Native American and Mexican-American.) Through this paper, I hope to be able to show examples of a few of the many ways in which gender and the southwest influence the lives and careers of southwestern women artists, and in turn, how many of these artists utilize their art to change people's perceptions of gender, the southwest and southwestern cultures. One artist whose art is strongly influenced by living in the southwest is Roz Driscoll. Driscoll lived in Arizona for seven years during the 1970's. According to Driscoll, the pieces in her exhibit, A Sense of Touch, " . . . grew out of traditions such as Native American pueblos, Indian temples and wells, Egyptian tombs. They reflect themes as, plateaus, and canyons of the Southwest . . ." (1999) Another artist whose work was strongly influenced by the Southwest is Georgia O'Keeffe, whose art was strongly influenced by the landscape of New Mexico. In fact, " . . . that region's dramatic mesas, ancient Spanish architecture, vegetation, and desiccated terrain became her constant themes. ( Gale, 1998 ) Culture differences in the Southwest have also been portrayed through the artwork of many Southwestern women artists. The artwork of Carmen Lomas Garza, who has spent much of her life in Texas, is strongly influenced by her Chicana heritage.

Maids Taking over the Role of Parents

Maids are taking over the role of parents? AS a parent, I read with interest how many busy parents â€Å"outsource† their work in raising their kids to their maids at home. (â€Å"Maids are taking over parenting role† – NST, May 10). In many homes these days, both parents work to pay the bills. But a better income does not mean a better quality of life for the family at home. Children would rather spend more time with their parents than be given money or presents as substitutes for parental attention. I believe children's behavior is the product of their environment. If children live with criticism, they learn to condemn. If they live with tolerance, they learn to be patient. If children learn about sharing, they learn to be generous. If children live with praise, they learn to appreciate. Child minders are not good role models for our young kids to follow as their norms and values may not be suited to local conditions. I may not be a very good person, I have fights with my maid like, every single day, every single time. she’s so annoying sometimes. And when she screams, we couldn’t compare the difference between a pontianak and my maid. I mean, aren’t you afraid of indonesian maids? To me, they’re scary. Like, literally scary. So, never tie a string with a maid, tie a rope with your parents. Wow, that might be the best idiom ever. Or is it? Score gila siallll. Stay-in Maids have taken the role of parents (Government Team’s points. ) – Maids are always at home. – Maids know the children better (personality, behavior) – Maids are always available when the children need help. – Maids care for the children. – Parents are too dependent on maids. *For example: A parent sends his/her child to school, and the parent wants to know how his/her child behaves in school. So the parent asks the teacher about his/her child’s behavior. Just because the teacher spends more time with the child in school doesn’t mean the teacher is the parent of the child who knows the child more. Tell me, worthy opponents. Why is this so? High-achievers: -Some parents want their child to be high-achievers when they grow up. Therefore, they send their child to piano classes, tae kwon do classes, tuition, art classes and much, much more. The maid does not have time for the child because the child is very busy with the daily classes. Tell me, worthy opponents.

Fundamentals of Macroeconomics

Fundamentals of Macroeconomics Lisa Rasch ECO/372 June 18th, 2012 Sigmund Karczewski Fundamental of Macroeconomics Part 1 * Gross Domestic Product (GDP)- GDP is the value of all goods and services that have been produced in a country within a period of time. * Real GDP- Real GDP refers to the value of all goods and services that has been adjusted for inflation or deflation. * Nominal GDP- Nominal GDP refers to the value of all goods and services that has not been adjusted for inflation or deflation. Unemployment Rate- Unemployment rate refers to the percentage of people in a country who want to work and are able to work but cannot find jobs. * Inflation Rate- Inflation rate is the rate of price increases within a period of time. * Interest Rate- An interest rate is the amount of money a person pays in order to borrow money. Part 2 Purchasing Groceries The purchasing of groceries has an effect on the United States’ economy and its three sectors; businesses, households, and gove rnment. Purchasing groceries effects households and businesses the most however government is also effected.Government is responsible for creating the rules and regulations surrounding the production of the groceries (food safety laws, etc. ). Businesses then produce the groceries within the government regulations increasing value for that business. After the businesses have produced the goods, the goods are then purchased by other businesses to be sold to consumers. Generally, a grocery store (a business) will purchase the groceries from vendors (other businesses), increasing the value of their business; that inventory is then sold to households (consumers).Once the goods are sold to consumers, the value of the goods is then transferred to the consumers. Massive Layoffs of Employees A massive layoff of employees also has an effect on the three sectors of the U. S. economy. A massive layoff affects households the most although the other two sectors are also affected. Households suff er a loss in income as a result of a layoff and the loss of income will translate to a reduction of purchasing power for the household.The reduced purchasing power will affect businesses because the households that suffered layoffs will not have the money to purchase goods or services from businesses. The government will also see a reduction in revenue from the layoffs because the households will pay less money in income taxes. The government will also be affected by the lack of sales taxes from purchasing goods and services and the reduction in taxes being paid by the businesses; the less sales the business reports the lower the taxes they owe to the government. Still, the hardest hit sector for massive layoffs will be the households.The reduced income for households will have a trickledown effect on the rest of the economy because â€Å"households are the most powerful economic institution† (Colander, 2010). Decrease in Taxes A decrease in taxes will have an effect on the t hree sectors of the U. S. economy as well. The sector that will be affected the most by a decrease in taxes will be the government. A decrease in taxes will reduce the amount of revenue collected by the government which will reduce the amount of goods and services the government is able to provide for households and businesses.The government collects taxes in order to have the funds to pay for services such as unemployment insurance and the welfare system as well as infrastructure such as roads and street lights. A decrease in taxes will have a positive effect on household income however; the reduction in government infrastructure and services might have a negative effect on households. If the government does not have the money to pay for infrastructure it could result in households having to pay more money to maintain their property; pot holes not being repaired quickly could cause higher car maintenance costs.Businesses will also be affected by a decrease in taxes. Lower taxes wil l mean businesses will have more money to spend on increasing their labor force or making improvements to their businesses. The increased revenue for businesses and households will put more money back into the economy. The decrease in taxes will decrease revenue for the government while increasing revenue for households and businesses. Reference Colander, D. C. (2010). Macroeconomics (8th ed. ). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.